DRUG ADMINISTRATION AND ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION

* Administration of medication is a basic nursing function which requires knowledge as well as skills. the safe and accurate administration of medication is one of the basic and most important responsibility of the nurse.

* Follow ten right

   Right pt.

   Right dose

   Right route

   Right time

   Right drug

    Right documentation

   Right history and assessment

   Right to refuse

   Right drug drug interaction and evaluation

   Right education and information.

Route of administration

* oral administration: the most common and easy route of administration.

* Sublingual administration: These drugs are administered by placing under the tongue e.g. tab sorbitrate administration.

* Inhalation:- Drugs in spray form and fumes of the drugs arecinhaled into the lungs 

* Inunction:- Application of drug on the skin.

* Instillation:- Putting liquid form of medication into body cavity.

* Insertion :- Introducing solid kind of drug into bidy orifice e.g. suppository

* Insufflation :- Administration of drug in the form of powder vapour or air into the body cavity by blowing with an insufflator.

* Parenteral:- giving medication outside the alimentary tract.

     - Intramuscular:- into the muscles

     - Subcutaneous:- Into the subcutaneous.                                         tissue 

     - Intradermal- Under the epidermis

     - Intravenous - Into the vein 

      - Intracardiac - into the bone marrow

     - Intraathecal:- Into the spinal cavity 

      - Intraosseous - into the bone marrow

     - Intraperitoneal - into the peritoneal.                                                cavity

   

TYPES OF ORDERS

Type 

Standing order:- order need to carried out for specified number of days till next order comes till next order comes or order finishes 

PRN order :- whenever required 

One time order - Administer these medication only once

Stat order - Administer medication immediately